Friday, May 31, 2019

The Body as Anstoss in Sartres Account of Constitution :: Jean-Paul Sartre Philosophy Existentialism

The Body as Anstoss in Sartres Account of ConstitutionABSTRACT Of all the German idealists, Jean-Paul Sartre refers the least to Fichte-so little in fact that there flip been long-standing suspicions that he was not even familiar with Fichtes writings. It is perhaps ironic, then, that Fichtes writings are as facilitative as they are for clarifying Sartres views, especially his views on subjectivity and inter-subjectivity. Here I want to look closely at a key pattern in Fichtes mature writings the concept of the Anstoss, a concept which Dan Breazeale has called Fichtes original insight. Fichte introduces the Anstoss, or check, to explain why the I posits the world as it does. In effect, the Anstoss is the liaison of the facticity of the I. I will show that his concept can be uniquely helpful in understanding the role the body plays in Sartres theory of inter-subjectivity. The immenseness of Sartres accounting system of the body for his theory of subjectivity and inter-subjectivi ty has been chronically under-appreciated by his interpreters this comparison is the beginning of an attempt to rectify that. In turn the concept of the Anstoss provides a nub for analyzing the necessary differences amid any Sartrean and Fichtean ethics based on their respective accounts of inter-subjectivity. Of all the German Idealists, Sartre refers the least to Fichte-so little in fact that there have been long-standing suspicions that he wasnt even familiar with Fichtes writings. It is perhaps ironic, then, that Fichtes writings are as helpful as they are for clarifying Sartres views-especially his views on subjectivity and intersubjectivity. Here I want to look closely at a key concept in Fichtes mature writings-the concept of the Anstoss, a concept which has Dan Breazeale (implicitly against Dieter Henrich) has called Fichtes original insight. (1) I believe, and I hope to show here, that this concept can be uniquely helpful in understanding, of all things, the role the body plays in Sartres theory of intersubjectivity. The importance of Sartres account of the body for his theory of subjectivity and intersubjectivity has been chronically under-appreciated by his interpreters this comparison is the beginning of an attempt to rectify that. This introduces in turn a means for analyzing the necessary differences between any Sartrean and Fichtean ethics based on their respective accounts of intersubjectivity.The term Anstoss is first used in a systematic fashion by Fichte in the Grundlage der Gesamten Wissenschaftslehre from 1794/95.

Thursday, May 30, 2019

Romeo and Juliet: Imagery of Love :: Romeo and Juliet Essays

William Shakespe bes play, The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, is the story of two star crossed lovers who both meet a tragic end. Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy however, the poetic and glorious manner in which Shakespeare engages the viewer or reader make this a beautiful play. The story of Romeo and Juliet is timeless, and it has provided a model for many other stories. The story line or plot in Romeo and Juliet is well loved by many around the world, but that is not what gives the play its special quality. Just as in most of Shakespeares plays, words and phrases with double meanings, imagery and poetry are all used to create a play that is not only a pleasure for the eyes, but atomic number 53 for the ears and mind as well. The following statement by Romeo in act one scene one provides a good example of this Love is a smoke made with the fume of sighs, Being purgd, a fire sparkling in lovers eyes, Being vexd, a sea nourishd with loving tears. What is it else? A madness most discree t, A choking gall, and a preserving sweet (Riverside, 1.1.190-193). Shakespeares use of these components is exquisite and allows for much deeper interest group by the reader or viewer. In Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare uses imagery in the forms of lightness and darkness, animals, and plants or herbs to provide the reader or viewer with a more vivid and enjoyable experience. Lightness and Darkness Imagery of lightness and darkness is used extensively throughout Romeo and Juliet to symbolize and/or describe events that take place. Capulet describes the party he is planning with lightness and darkness, Earth-treading stars that make dark heaven light(1.2.25). Stars continue to have a role in the play as Juliet mentions her own expiry she claims, Take him and cut him out in little stars, And he provide make the face of heaven so fine That all the world will be in love with the night, And pay no worship to the garish sun(3.2.22-25). It seems that Juliet, unknowingly, is describing the future in a symbolic sense. Later in the play, after Romeo is banished from Verona for the bump off of Tybalt, he and Juliet exchange lines that are full of light imagery. As the dawn is approaching, Romeo describes the view, Look, love, what envious streaks / Do lace the severing clouds in yonder east / Nights candles are burnt out .

Wednesday, May 29, 2019

An Analysis of The Thurber Carnival Essay -- Thurber Carnival Essays

An Analysis of The Thurber Carnival The Fables for Our Time contained in Thurbers The Thurber Carnival are, in my opinion, particularly good examples of a writer successfully breaking frames in assign to create humor and satire. In this essay I am going to explore the main methods Thurber uses to create humor and satire in the fables The Shrike and the Chipmunks and The Unicorn in the tend2. Firstly though, what do I mean by the broken frame? This is a reference to the idea that the violation of our frames of reference, and the recognition of the incongruousness caused by it, is the basic element of humour. If the incongruity needs to be explained, the humour will be lost. Kant expresses this idea when he says Laughter is an affection arising from a strained expectation being suddenly cut back to nothing3. Thurber violates several different types of expectation in his attempts to create humour and satire. These range from expectation of the rules of fable and other literature , to expectation of characterisation, and expectation of the familiar saying. The Shrike and the Chipmunks, is jump and foremost a parody of the traditional fable. It has all the traditional ingredients the anthropomorphised Chipmunks, corresponding with stereotyped human characters, the building of suspense over a perceived even up and wrong type of behaviour, a corresponding climax, and a moral at the end. Anthropomorphism is a common technique of humour. Umberto Eco explains that this is so that the audience can express feelings at the broken frame, without the discomfort of empathy with the frame breaker. It is for this reason that the animalisation of the comic hero is so important4. But quite apart from this use, Thur... ... 1-9. Kant, Immanuel. Critique of Judgement, Book II. E307 Photocopy. pp. 196-203. Thurber, James. The Thurber Carnival. Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England Penguin Books, 1983. demise Notes 1. Umberto Eco, Frames of Comic Freedom, in Carnival, ed . T. A. Sebeok (Berlin Mouton Publishers, 1984), p. 4. 2. James Thurber, The Thurber Carnival (Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England Penguin Books, 1983). Fables for Our Time pp. 278 - 305. The Shrike and the Chipmunks pp. 290-291. The Unicorn in the Garden pp. 304-305. 3. Immanuel Kant, Critique of Judgement, Book II, E307 Photocoy. p. 199. 4. Eco, p. 2. 5. Thurber, p. 290. 6. Thurber, p. 290. 7. Thurber, p. 291. 8. Thurber, p.305. 9. Burton Bernstein, Thurber A Biography (Great Britain Lowe & Brydone, 1975), p. 308. 10. Eco, p. 2.

The Signigicance of the Scaffold Scenes in the Scarlet Letter Essay

The Signigicance of the Scaffold Scenes in the Scarlet LetterThe three hold up scenes bring great significance to the plot of the Scarlet Letter. The novel is based on repenting the criminalitys of adultery. The scaffold represents a place of shame and pity but to a fault of final triumphs. Each scene illustrates the importance of the scaffold behind them with many potent similarities and differences.In the first scaffold scene Hester Prynne is depicted standing altogether while clutching her baby. She has been sentenced to the scaffold for three hours to face public condemnation. In the Puritan monastic order, where this novel is set, public shame is a source of entertainment. On this occasion the town are present to watch the judgment of Hester. As the townspeople are ridiculing her, the fibber is praising Hester for her untamed but lady like beauty (60-61). The narrator goes so far as to compare her to Divine Maternity or Mother Mary, the ideal woman, the woman that is looke d highly upon by the whole Puritan society (63). However, the conditions are set up to show the change in Hester due to isolation and discredit of the Puritan society. Throughout this scene the Puritans are condemning Hester for her sin as the narrator is condemning the Puritans for their severity.Many years later, in desperation for a remedy to cure his tortured soul, the Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale takes to the scaffold where Hester had once suffered her shame. He is envious of the public nature of her ...

Tuesday, May 28, 2019

Les Miserables :: essays research papers

Can we really say we know what a hard life is? The character Fantine in Les Miserables definitely had a hard life, with no breaks. She had a daughter who she adored and never got to see. She worked most of her life and always lived in poverty. Death came upon Fantine while she was in the hospital appetiteing only to see her child.First, working, for anyone is no easy task. Its especially hard when you have a child. Fantine tangle very bad that she couldnt give her baby daughter, Cosette, everything she deserved. One day when Fantine was passing by an gild she met a woman who had children of her own. Fantine asked if she could leave her child with them and would pay. With that done, Fantine moved on, loss Cosette with people she believed would take care of her. This was so hard for her, for any mother, and she knew she wouldnt see her again for a very long time. Secongly, although Fantine didnt get to be with Cosette and raise her, she however had to pay for her staying with th e better family (So she thought they were). They would make her pay more and more everytime saying Cosette necessitate more clothes or other excuses. Fantine of course would do anything for her daughter and sent more money, leaving herself dead broke and in poverty. She had nothing for herself, simply she didnt care because she was giving her child "the best." She even turned to whoredom to make money.Finally Fantine, after working and doing anything to make money and still living in poverty, fell ill. She was hospitalized and Valjean would take care of her from time to time. Her only wish was to see her child she loved so much. She was only living to see her. Sadly, though, she died without ever getting to see her beloved Cosette. Fantine not only died miserable, sick and poor, save heart broken too.Les Miserables essays research papers Can we really say we know what a hard life is? The character Fantine in Les Miserables definitely had a hard life, with no breaks. S he had a daughter who she adored and never got to see. She worked most of her life and always lived in poverty. Death came upon Fantine while she was in the hospital wishing only to see her child.First, working, for anyone is no easy task. Its especially hard when you have a child. Fantine felt very bad that she couldnt give her baby daughter, Cosette, everything she deserved. One day when Fantine was passing by an Inn she met a woman who had children of her own. Fantine asked if she could leave her child with them and would pay. With that done, Fantine moved on, leaving Cosette with people she believed would take care of her. This was so hard for her, for any mother, and she knew she wouldnt see her again for a very long time. Secongly, although Fantine didnt get to be with Cosette and raise her, she still had to pay for her staying with the better family (So she thought they were). They would make her pay more and more everytime saying Cosette needed more clothes or other excuses. Fantine of course would do anything for her daughter and sent more money, leaving herself dead broke and in poverty. She had nothing for herself, but she didnt care because she was giving her child "the best." She even turned to prostitution to make money.Finally Fantine, after working and doing anything to make money and still living in poverty, fell ill. She was hospitalized and Valjean would take care of her from time to time. Her only wish was to see her child she loved so much. She was only living to see her. Sadly, though, she died without ever getting to see her beloved Cosette. Fantine not only died miserable, sick and poor, but heart broken too.

Les Miserables :: essays research papers

Can we really say we know what a hard look is? The character Fantine in Les Miserables definitely had a hard life, with no breaks. She had a daughter who she adored and nalways got to gather in. She worked most of her life and always lived in poverty. death came upon Fantine while she was in the hospital wishing only to see her kid.First, working, for anyone is no easy task. Its especially hard when you have a child. Fantine felt very rubber that she couldnt give her baby daughter, Cosette, everything she deserved. One day when Fantine was passing by an Inn she met a woman who had children of her own. Fantine asked if she could leave her child with them and would pay. With that done, Fantine moved on, leaving Cosette with people she believed would overhear care of her. This was so hard for her, for any mother, and she knew she wouldnt see her again for a very long time. Secongly, although Fantine didnt get to be with Cosette and raise her, she still had to pay for her staying with the break off family (So she thought they were). They would make her pay more and more everytime apothegm Cosette needed more clothes or other excuses. Fantine of course would do anything for her daughter and send more money, leaving herself dead broke and in poverty. She had naught for herself, but she didnt care because she was giving her child "the best." She even turned to prostitution to make money. in the end Fantine, after working and doing anything to make money and still living(a) in poverty, fell ill. She was hospitalized and Valjean would take care of her from time to time. Her only wish was to see her child she loved so much. She was only living to see her. Sadly, though, she died without ever getting to see her beloved Cosette. Fantine not only died miserable, sick and poor, but heart miserable too.Les Miserables essays research papers Can we really say we know what a hard life is? The character Fantine in Les Miserables definitely had a hard life, with no breaks. She had a daughter who she adored and never got to see. She worked most of her life and always lived in poverty. Death came upon Fantine while she was in the hospital wishing only to see her child.First, working, for anyone is no easy task. Its especially hard when you have a child. Fantine felt very bad that she couldnt give her baby daughter, Cosette, everything she deserved. One day when Fantine was passing by an Inn she met a woman who had children of her own. Fantine asked if she could leave her child with them and would pay. With that done, Fantine moved on, leaving Cosette with people she believed would take care of her. This was so hard for her, for any mother, and she knew she wouldnt see her again for a very long time. Secongly, although Fantine didnt get to be with Cosette and raise her, she still had to pay for her staying with the better family (So she thought they were). They would make her pay more and more everytime saying Cosette needed more clothes or other excuses. Fantine of course would do anything for her daughter and sent more money, leaving herself dead broke and in poverty. She had nothing for herself, but she didnt care because she was giving her child "the best." She even turned to prostitution to make money.Finally Fantine, after working and doing anything to make money and still living in poverty, fell ill. She was hospitalized and Valjean would take care of her from time to time. Her only wish was to see her child she loved so much. She was only living to see her. Sadly, though, she died without ever getting to see her beloved Cosette. Fantine not only died miserable, sick and poor, but heart broken too.

Monday, May 27, 2019

The Collapse of Ronan Point

IntroductionThe purpose of this paper is to consider the perceived failures associated with the famous join of Ronan Point on 16 May, 1968. Following a gas explosion, an entire corner of the 22 base tower block in East London clangd, killing 4 people and injuring 17. In order to analyse the failures that occurred, the paper will graduation exercisely look at the history of the make, its design and edifice, before looking at the break apart itself and the perceived failures that were identified after the event.The building was named after the chairman of the housing committee of the relevant London Borough, Newham, and was one of many tower blocks strengthened during the sixties in a budget-driven and affordable direction to deal with the growing demand for affordable housing in the region (Levy and Salvadori 1992).The very ethos of this affordable housing and the persona of cheaper materials and cheaper turn approaches is arguably one of the first and fundamental contribu tory factors to the disaster (Griffiths et al 1968).Design and ConstructionThe literal design and mental synthesis of the building was mooted as far back as the end of World War II, when much of the housing available in the London region was destroyed as a result of the war and in that respect was a rapid demand for a large amount of housing. Other factors such as a lack of skilful labourers, as well as the changing housing policy which enabled multi-stories to be established, created a demand for the design and construction of buildings such as the one in question here. A prefabricated construction technique was employ which involved the creation of much of the high-rise building which was then transported to the area for final construction (Cagley, 2003).The actual construction approach that was apply here was that of the Larsen-Nielsen system which was composed of factory-built, precast concrete components designed to minimise on-site construction work. Walls, floors and st air meanss are all precast. every units, installed one-story high are load bearing (ENR, 1968 at p.54). Although this system was tried and tested, the approach was not designed to be used in a building of more than 6 storeys high. However, the building of this tower block was 22 storeys high and in that respect was no recognition, at the construction phase, that this could potentially jeopardise the validity of the construction technique. The basic construction approach involved a precast concrete structure effect, with each floor of the multi-storey building organism supported by the bearing(prenominal) walls directly beneath each other, floor upon floor (Bignell et al 1977). violateThe collapse itself happened at 545 am in the morning when the live of one of the apartments on the 18th floor lit a match, unbeknownst that there had been a gas leak overnight. By lighting the match, an explosion took send egress and this ended up damaging the load-bearing wall which was presen t on the 18th floor and was acting as the only support for the corner of the nineteenth floor. When the corner of the 19th floor collapsed, this had the effect of the 20th floor collapsing. Once the floors above had already collapsed the nip on the floors became unbearable and the domino effect go on cut downward, destroying the entire corner of the building (Delatte, 2009). The way in which the collapse took place meant that, essentially, it destroyed a portion of the living room all the way down the building, but left the bedrooms intact in most cases, with the exception of floors 17 to 22 the room which were in the immediate vicinity of the explosion. It was on these floors that all of the fatalities happened and ascribable to the fact that the explosion had gestaten place early in the morning, the majority of the individuals who were in their bedrooms were unaffected (Delatte, 2009).Perceived FailuresWhen looking at the perceived failures and causes of failure, it can be se en that the compendium is largely split into two distinct areas first, considering the immediate cause of failure the second looking at the fundamental flaws in the design and construction of the building that allowed such a dramatic reaction to the immediate event (Griffiths et al 1968).The actual investigation into the event which took place involved a political apprisal panel which was formed in order to look at the causes of failure and to consider whether or not there were other buildings which potentially could suffer from a identical eventuality, in the future. As stated previously, the construction approach taken for Ronan Point was replicated in many other buildings, with eight other exact replicas in occupation. Therefore, establishing the reason for the collapse is crucially important (Pearson and Delatte, 2003)One of the key factors that took contributed in the immediate event itself was found to be a substandard connection used in order to connect the gas stove in t he relevant apartment. Whilst this meant that the gas leak had presented itself in a way that would not hurl been likely, had they used a different connection, as well as having the incorrect connection, it was found that over tightening had occurred during installation. This probably weakened the connection and allowed gas to leak out. despite this, the evidence gathered suggested that the explosion itself was not substantial, as there was no permanent damage to the hearing of the individual in the apartment. This suggests that relatively little pressure was involved, although there was sufficient pressure to move the external walls of the building and to create a progressive collapse within the building (Levy and Salvadori, 1992).Broadly speaking, the progressive collapse is thought to crap occurred due to the fact that there was a lack of alternate load paths available and there was no support for the structural frame available on the higher floors (Wearne, 2000). This meant t hat when there was an explosion on level 18, this took out the only support so that the floors above level 18 failed and this fixed excessive pressure on the lower floors, until it ultimately collapse to ground level.Perceived failures, can be split into two distinct categories, the first macrocosm the cause of the explosion itself the second looking at the repercussions of the explosion, which were extensive, given the magnitude of the explosion, which was relatively low.Procedure and see to it ManagementUnsurprisingly, as a result of the collapse here, building codes, guidelines and regulations were advised not only in the United Kingdom, but across the globe. The building regulations, changed in 1970, state that any building with more than quaternary storeys needs to have a design structure in place that would resist a progressive collapse of this nature (Pearson and Delatte, 2005, pp. 175).Apart from the construction mechanisms themselves, there were alike concerns that fai lures had occurred in the trade union movement vigilance, as well as failures to check procedures. The gaps between the floors and in the walls meant that the building had not been established in a way that was part of the original design and planning. In addition to the actual failure in the design of the property, concerns were also raised in the report in relation to the need for bore control of the construction processes taking place. For example, it was proven that during the construction, certain design factors had been ignored, with unfilled gaps between the floors and walls, throughout the premises, which meant that the building had little in the way of separation between the flats. Furthermore, in high rise buildings of this type, a relatively narrow staircase is acceptable, as there is thought to be enough sack up protection between the floors. In the absence of this fire protection, narrow staircases would be unacceptable, in the event of a fire or explosion of this na ture.Key FailuresThe analysis above indicates that there are several failures which together created the dramatic collapse at Ronan Point. These aresocial pressures on the construction company to establish a large amount of housing accommodation, rapidly and cheaply the use of constructions not aimed at high storey buildings of this nature failures to put in place methods whereby there was no secondary support structure in place, in the event of a failure with any of the load-bearing walls failures with the processes being followed, which resulted in the wrong processes being followed in the connection of the gas pipes, as well as other omissions during the construction process, with the failure to follow the design provided.It can be seen, that the project management would have, at least(prenominal) in part, dealt with many of these failures and would have either prevented the explosion, in the first place, or would have seriously reduced the impact of the explosion, once it did t ake place. The crucial factor in this analysis is that the explosion itself was relatively minor, yet the repercussions were large and it is this chain of events that requires attention when it comes to better project management, in the future.Recommendations for Better Project ManagementCertain failures took place at the design phase, when the design construction of the premises was selected, yet was not entirely suitable for a 22 storey building. This was arguably the first and crucial failure which could have been avoided with further research into the limitations of this design.However, the main focus of the recommendations presented here is in relation to the project management process, from the period of time at which the design was presented for the construction, to the point at which the building was completed (Pearson and Delatte, 2005).At the outset, when the project team came together, there was an opportunity to run scenarios and to check the validity of the elect cons truction, given the design that were being presented and the need to establish a 22 storey building. By running these types of scenarios, it is likely that it would become apparent that the chosen construction design was simply inappropriate. Even without this element of the project management being undertaken and risk assessments being carried out, the next stage of the project management should have involved a strong quality control check for every aspect of the work.The fundamental design of the building was proven to be flawed however, there were also errors during the actual construction phase, for example the use of the wrong connections when it came to the gas pipes installed. Although this, in itself, did not lead to the catastrophic collapse of part of the building, it did create a minor gas explosion which started the chain of events. Quality control processes at every phase of construction and fitting would have potentially prevented the chain of events from emerging, in the first place (Shepherd and Frost, 1995).Next Steps and ConclusionsBearing this in mind, there are several proposed changes and next steps which could be taken to prevent a similar failure happening in the future.Firstly, although the design used was accepted during this era, it was known that it would simply not be appropriate for the type of building which was being planned. This should have been noted, at the outset, with additional safety structures then planed so as to prevent this type of progressive collapse from taking place.Secondly, worst-case scenarios should be run, at the outset, to enable the project managers to ascertain whether any weaknesses existed. Moreover, although the rest of collapse in this case resulted in the building being destroyed, it was also not able to withstand strong winds and this also, ultimately, could have resulted in the building becoming uninhabitable. By running scenarios, such as high winds or explosion, these issues would have been highli ghted and changes in the design could have been incorporated, from the outset (Pearson and Delatte 2003).Finally, quality control during the construction process was also not suitable. This should have been done with much greater consistency, to ensure that the smaller processes, such as the fitting of connections, was carried out to an appropriate standard, thus preventing the minor incident that ultimately led to the overall disaster.By following these clear project management approaches and ensuring that an individual was put in place, in order to manage quality and control, as well as any variables in this area, the collapse of the building could have been avoided, or at least the cause of the collapse mitigated against, so as not to cause loss of life and injury.ReferencesBignell, V., Peters, J., and Pym, C. (1977). Catastrophic failures. Open University Press, Milton Keynes, New York.Cagley, J. R. (2003, April). The design professionals concerns regarding progressive collapse design. Building Sciences, 27, 4-6.Delatte, N. J. (2009). Beyond failure Forensic case studies for civil engineers. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), Reston, Virginia, 97-106.Engineering News Record (ENR). (1968). Systems built apartment collapse. ENR, May 23, 1968, 54.Griffiths, H., Pugsley, A. G., and Saunders, O. (1968). Report of the inquiry into the collapse of flats at Ronan Point, Canning Town. Her Majestys Stationery Office, London.Levy, M., and Salvadori, M. (1992). Why buildings fall down How structures fail. W.W. Norton, New York, 76-83.Pearson, C., and Delatte, N. (2003). Lessons from the Progressive Collapse of the Ronan Point Apartment Tower. In Forensic Engineering, Proceedings of the Third Congress, edited by Paul A. Bosela, Norbert J. Dellate, and Kevin L. Rens, ASCE, Reston, VA., pp. 190-200.Pearson, C.,and Delatte, N. J. (2005) Ronan Point Apartment Tower Collapse and Its Effect on Building Codes. J. Perf. of Constr. Fac., 19(2), 172-177.Shepherd, R., an d Frost, J. D. (1995). Failures in Civil Engineering Structural, Foundation, and Geoenvironmental Case Studies, ASCE, New York.Wearne, P. (2000). Collapse When Buildings Fall Down, TV Books, L.L.C., New York, 137-156.

Sunday, May 26, 2019

Indigenous Societies

Whale rider Extra Credit Questions Name ________________________________________ Class Start Time ___________ 1. What object does the grandfather throw wholly overboard a ride (and expects will be retrieved)? a. his fathers brass heirloom pistol b. his traditional chiefs necklace c. his sacred black harpoon d. his sacred smoking shriek e. his radio 2. What is the central conflict in Whale Rider? a. How do indigenous societies keep their traditions and yet accept change? b. How indigenous societies must debate through the legal system to gain title to their land. . How can indigenous societies reverse language loss? d. How do indigenous societies gain control over rising blood pressure? 3. What item has not been finished, but finally is (and is then used) at the end of the film? a. a chiefs raise b. a traditional canoe c. a womans hut d. a ritual club 4. What (or who) is the grandfather trying to find? a. the sacred carven steering paddle for his carved war canoe. b. a leader w ho will lead his people into the next generation. c. a new husband for his spinster granddaughter. d. all of the above 5.What does the grandfather do when the object is not retrieved? a. leaves it there and sinks into a depression. b. retrieves it himself and then breaks it in half with his bare hands. c. forces his son to retrieve it. d. leaves it there and it is neer retrieved again. e. calls up a supernatural whale ancestor who swallows it up and spits it onto the beach. 6. This film a. captures the confusion of a traditional culture in transition to a youthful one. b. graphically depicts the abuse of native peoples at the hands of more technologically advanced white colonists. . focuses on what might be called slave labor conditions in Third World sweatshops. d. portrays how one man is able to overcome his drug addiction to become the next chief of the tribe. e. all of the above 7. How does Whale Rider conclude? a. the grandfather drowns, killed as he tries to ride a whale. b. the girl is allowed to become a leader. c. the girls mother is brought back to life by the supernatural whale spirit. d. the girl helps win the court battle, and gains ocean fishing rights for her people.

Saturday, May 25, 2019

Childhood as a general notion

puerility, as a general impression, projectms to be obvious it is the journey in breeding when you ar a take in. Everyone s childhood is wholly and b every last(predicate) club has differing sets of thoughts close what kids ar like, what they should be like and how grownups should handle them. A traditional position of childhood ( Alwin 1990 ) , as cited by W all tolder ( 2005 ) , is that kids atomic number 18 cardinal to the kinfolk unit where they create fond bonds with their parents and go fixed with and follow parent s values and attitudes. Waller ( 2005 ) p61The construct of childhood appears to alter form as society evolves and feel styles alter and this is confirmed by Walkerdine s modern belief that childhood is nomadic and switching . His definition of childhood, as discussed by Waller ( 2005 ) , is that kids experience many different and varied childhoods. Waller. T, An Introduction to Early Childhood ( 2005 ) p56The differences kids experience describe up t heir individualism, do them only if and trick entangle factors of race, disablement, societal stratum, faith, gender and/or background, impacting the kid s tattlele individuality and can act upon their development and patterned advance through life.A varied combination creates the legal individuality of kids at birth in footings of name, gender, nationality and their place in their household unit in relation to their parents and other close household members. Children volition so rack up to this legal individuality and make their ain personal individuality as they develop, grow and experience life through maturity and beyond. Their personal individuality will organize and alter through their experiences of place background, ( including attitudes and values ) , societal economic position, educational accomplishment, faith and gender picks, employment position, personal battles and accomplishments as they encompass life. Waller ( 2005 ) p56In add-on, kids s development of pers onal individuality is learned through creation accepted by others and by being accepted for their individualism will make a province of emotional well-being, authoritative self-pride and positive self-identity. They may nevertheless, because of twine of their gender, societal category, disablement or race issues, feel they are unequalized and less worthy than other kids.Walkerdine s Mobile and switching position of childhood can be seen as being normal for many kids and this is explained by Waller who cites Penn ( 2005 ) and others, in their account of a normal kid being a funny mix of statistical norms and historically specific value opinions. The most melodramatic facet of the normal kid is how unnatural he or she is, since there is no such individual in world and neer has been. The advantage of specifying normality is that it is a device that enables those in control or in charge to specify, sort and handle those who do non suit in. Legislation has been put in topographica l point to indorsement that all kids fit in with the best chances for them to make their full potency and the most important device that enables kids to suit in is the unite Nations expression on the Rights of the Child.In 1989, it was decided that kids needed rights that protected and supported them and this convention lays down 54 articles that spell out the basic human rights kids are entitled to in footings of protection, proviso and engagement and cover all factors of their multidimensional individuality such as disablement, race, gender, societal category, sex and faith.This Convention enables kids to be recognise and respected for their ain involvements, points of position and most significantly their personal individuality and facilitates them to be included in everything that affairs to them irrespective of their champion demands and backgrounds. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child gives kids a voice in doing certain they are listened to, included and hard-boiled reasonably. ( Friedman. R, 2007 ) Early Old ages in Early on Childhood SurveiesThis relates to article 12 of the UNCRC where it states kids and households are valued and respected at all degrees in our society and have the right to hold their voices sought, heard and acted upon by all those who support them and who provide services to assist them . In add-on, this article is portion of the vision of the Early Years Framework, working towards giving kids the best possible bestir oneself in life.Early Years Framework is statutory guidelines for everyone working in early old ages and lays out the stairss everyone, including national and local authoritiess, must take to guarantee kids receive the same results and chances. This model works towards ecalibre and inclusion because it helps to place kids who are at stake of non accomplishing and takes action to forestall these hazards happening. Some of their actions include traveling kids out of any dangers they have already fallen into, interrupting rhythms of poorness, inequality and hapless results throughout early old ages and have a central point on authorising kids, households and their wider communities and assisting these groups to procure hereafters for themselves . frugal Government ( 2008 ) p4This model works together with other policies including Curriculum for Excellence, Equally Well and Skills for Scotland in turn toing the factors of poorness, which can add to the hazard of poorer results for kids. Harmonizing to Bennett and Moss, kids populating in poorness are likely to be more disadvantaged in footings of wellness, socio-emotional development, educational attainment, school attending, household stableness and employment chances . Bennett, J et Al, workings with Diversity, Children in Scotland ( 2010 ) ( p4 )Poverty can hold a immense consequence on kids and their self-pride because an environment of hapless or no income may see their basic needs non being met suitably a nd because of this kids may underperform at school. Populating in poorness can anyways act upon a kid s experience of individuality because of the stigma and stereotyping of hapless hatful. This can take to a kid missing in self-esteem because of the manner they are viewed and/or treated and they may experience unequal and useless. Children who have higher self-pride will experience worthy, important, experience good about themselves and make a positive sense of individuality enabling them to cognize where they want to travel in life and seek to interrupt the rhythm of poorness.Early Years Framework understands the emphasiss parents and households face and how this can impact on kids s development. They work to do certain kids receive the best experiences and results in their earliest old ages and set the foundations for their journey into big life and beyond. Helping households to interrupt the rhythm of poorness will besides enable them to switch their societal category and thi s can assist to find better hereafters. Scots Government ( 2008 ) p4This policy and other specific statute law ensures kids all have the same chances in order for them to hold a good quality of life in early childhood. Children have a right to be portion of their community scene and develop their ain single individuality merely the statute law can merely be effectual if grownups adhere to the guidelines move down. Adults should advance themselves as positive function theoretical accounts sing bias and favoritism towards individuality differences. Siraj-Blatchford, I ( 2000 ) p3Children notice individuality differences in other people in footings of tegument coloring material, disablements and linguistic communication and other relevant differences, and will non see these differences as incorrect or worthless but the reactions and replies kids receive from grownups when oppugning about these differences will find whether or non kids learn negative attitudes about bias, pigeonholing and favoritism. Lindon J ( 1998 ) ( p78 )Some grownup purposes and positions about differences, bias and favoritism in society in the countries of disablement, race, faith, gender issues and societal category, have been passed down from multiplication to coevals and this led to labelling, pigeonholing and favoritism of people neer being challenged. This was cause by our ignorance, but as society has evolved, our attitudes towards these issues have changed to a more positive position.This positive position will do a difference to the development of kids s ain attitudes to prejudice and pigeonholing.Pigeonholing agencies holding a general sentiment of a category of people that is fixed, for illustration, positions in the past about male childs and misss related to their behaviors, endowments or failings. It was assumed that misss would under- achieve in discipline compared to boys and farther instruction for misss was disputed because it was thought this would be a waste as they would merely acquire married .Pigeonholing occurred as a consequence of doing opinions about people and in the instance of gender, boastful females they were judged as being less intelligent than work forces. Lindon, J ( 1998 ) p33Lindon believes that this male chauvinist position created bias and favoritism against adult females during the 1950s and 1960s and provinces that The Sex Discrimination Acts 1975 and 1986 made it illegal to know apart against people on the footing of their sex.Children should non believe they are good at certain things merely because they were born a miss or male child, they need to experience valued and develop a positive individuality some(prenominal) they do or whoever they are.In our Early Years scenes, practicians should be cognizant of equal chances towards gender functions and purpose for both male childs and misss to make positive results and this involves sing comparings of how male childs and misss are treated and what activities and resource s are made available for both sexes and how they are encouraged to give them. This would include doing certain resources and experiences are non seen as being merely for male childs or merely for misss.For illustration, out-of-door drama of physical activities like mounting, playing on bikes or football chances should be available to both misss and male childs. In add-on, if boys want drama with the cooker, rinsing machine or pressing board in the place corner so they should non be demoralized from making so.Childs have the right to take where they want to play and larn and the possible challenge for practicians is to let such drama and enable kids to develop potency in their ain abilities, create a feeling of self-worth and most significantly, a positive feeling about their ain individuality. Through grownup function modeling, the usage of play and narrative, and through positive intercession, both misss and male childs can gently be challenged and strongly supported as they com e to an apprehension of who they want to be . Smidt, S. ( 2007 A usher to Early Years Practice, p148Excluding kids from resources on the footing on their gender can be seen as favoritism and means handling them in a different manner because they are portion of a peculiar group. In add-on, this exclusion contradicts Standard 5, Quality of Experience, and one of the chief rules of Choice, as laid down within the National Care Standards and prevents equality and diverseness within pattern.Other favoritisms associating to a kid s personal individuality can include the positions that all injure people are incapacitated. Up until the 1980s, the medical universe used to label kids with disablements because they were non following expected forms of development and the status of the kid became the focal point of attending and non the kids themselves. This resulted in the ordinary or basic demands of the kid being disregarded and the medical universe regarded the kid as lacking in abilities with the focal point so going what the kid could non make instead than what they were able to make. Disability was so seen as a job significance handicapped persons had to allow in to suit into society and were discriminated against. This negative opinion prevented us from sing handicapped people as persons and expression at what they could non make instead than what they are able to make and by raising the stereotype and favoritism, we can put a kid with extra support demands at the Centre of their proviso.The debut of The education Act 1981 and The Children Act 1989 required local governments to place and measure so supply appropriate services for handicapped kids. Society now concentrates on what the kid can make as an person and allows the kid to be put at the Centre of their proviso and be valued irrespective of their abilities, increasing their assurance, self-esteem, self-worth and single individuality. Hickman, C. et al as cited by Waller, T. ( 2005 ) p32The Disability Di scrimination Act now says that if a kid encounters barriers, society must now happen a termination and do resources available to let the kid to be included. This act now ensures that the kid is in an environment of equal chances and inclusion where diverseness is welcomed and where the environment has to accommodate to let the kid to suit in. Scots Government ( 2009 )During my clip in arrangement, I discovered how an country within the babys room scene had been developed and change to back up and advance equality and inclusion. Observation 3After treatments with my wise man I discovered that the babys room had worked alongside the kid s parents, local authorization, and others to measure, program and develop this country for this kid and this working partnership falls within the guidelines of both Geting it right for every kid and the Child at the Centre paperss.Both paperss recognise kids s rights as laid down by the UNCRC and assist kids and their households to derive a posi tive difference in their lives. These paperss besides benefit practicians by supplying counsel on why seting the kid at the Centre will intend acquiring it right for kids as alone persons.I used the Geting it right for every kid counsel to offer support and a solution for a kid take parting in a physical activity. By supplying the support required he was able to get the better of physical inequalities and allowed him to take part to the full in this activity. This support besides enabled him to be at the bosom of Geting it right for every kid and in peculiar an effectual subscriber who was able to included. Observation 1The Child at the Centre papers helps practicians to self-evaluate the service they provide for kids and includes indexs which guide them in their professional contemplation of the quality of larning provided. The counsel aid practicians self-evaluate in their grooming and intercession of betterments to the acquisition experiences for kids. For illustration, on e of the quality indexs is 2.1 Children s Experiences and relates to the extent to which kids are motivated and actively involved in their ain acquisition . Within this division of the policy there are statements which province about all our kids are doing good advancement and accomplishing good and our kids are treated with equality, equity and regard and these statements help to reflect on good pattern and usher practicians in their proviso. Scots Government p22.23I had a treatment with my nursery wise man environing a immature kid whose English was non her first linguistic communication and discovered that, harmonizing to my wise man, the kid did non talk really much English. However, during my observation ( observation 2 ) I discovered that this immature kid could in fact speak English rather confidently. This state of affairs highlights the importance of the appropriate and efficient usage of self-evaluation and policies like Child at the Centre to guarantee all kids a re within an environment of equality and inclusion.In modern twenty-four hours Scotland there are many kids who are multilingual and harmonizing to Smidt. S ( 2007 ) , and possibly confirmed by my treatment in babys room, are offered a course of study that is restricted and does non reach into their demands. Good patterns will include and affect these kids and their households in all facets of their acquisition environment and actively observe their different civilizations and in the procedure enable bilingual kids to develop self-esteem, self-worth and a positive self-identity. Smidt, S ( 2007 )Language is a important factor in footings of societal category and a survey by Bernstein, B. as cited by Smidt, S. ( 2007 ) highlighted the rate of underachievement of working category kids. He explains that working category kids were at a disadvantage in instruction because the linguistic communication used within educational constitutions is on a different degree of understanding to the type of linguistic communication used by working category people. Practitioners should utilize linguistic communication to speak about things that have existent significance in the lives of kids and show regard for the kids and their usage of linguistic communication. Smidt, S. ( 2007 )Discrimination against kids from working category households may go on because they are judged as being unsuccessful because they come from the local council estate , a single-parent household or parents are discharged . If attitudes to stereotyped remarks like this continue to predominate, so favoritism of societal category will transport on and our kids will go on to underperform, impacting on their well-being, life opportunities and accomplishments. Smidt, S. ( 2007 )The Equality Bill 2010 highlights the importance of undertaking favoritism and inequalities in our society. It brings together all pieces of statute law sing disablement, race, gender, societal category, sex and faith in order to protect a kid s multidimensional individuality and to guarantee our society narrows the spread between inequalities and helps to procure equality and inclusion for all immature kids.

Friday, May 24, 2019

Feasibility Study on Customized Shirt

Financial Study 5. 1 essential PROJECT COST The L&M partnership needs a total cost of Php 12,000,000 to be able to operate its intended business covering the costs required for its initial operation. The amounts involve the costs of the purchases of office equipment, furniture & fixtures, raw materials, and office supplies the costs of organizational and legal fees, and the acquisition of various permits and licenses from different government agencies. In addition, the loanable fund also form part in the amount specified.The initial costs of the proposed project are broken down as follows Petty cash fund Php 15,000 Machinery 1,075,000 Office equipment 1,169,000 Supplies 132,400 Office furniture & fixtures 210,000 investment trust fixtures and equipment 96,000 Raw materials 555,000 Operating ash 8,839,500 Organizational cost 40,500 Php 12,000,000 5. 2 INITIAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT The initial capital investment go out be provided by the following partners Incorporators Subscribed Sha res Subscribed Amount Paid-in Capital Labendia, Decerell 24,000 Php 2,400,000 Php 2,400,000 Lacsa, Ashleen 24,000 Php 2,400,000 Php 2,400,000 Laroza, Erika 24,000 Php 2,400,000 Php 2,400,000 Legamia, JohnLouie 24,000 Php 2,400,000 Php 2,400,000 Maranan, Oly 24,000 Php 2,400,000 Php 2,400,000 TOTAL 120,000 Php 12,000,000 Php 12,000,000 5. 3 FINANCIAL ASSUMPTIONS The financial assumptions of the L&M Partnership comprise the following The income revenue rate on the partnership is 30%. Depreciable assets would be depreciated using the straight-line method and would have a useful life of 10-15 years. impalpable assets are amortized every 5 years. Repair and maintenance expense would be incurred yearly without subsequent increases. Rent expense will increase every 5 years by 10%. Utilities expense will increase by 2% semi-annually. Advertising and promotional expense will increase by 5% annually. Office supplies expense will increase annually by 2% 80% of these supplies wo uld be used. Store supplies will increase annually by 2% 80% of these supplies would be used. Salaries of the intimate auditor, general manager, and supervisor will increase 2% annually. Salaries of the cashier, bookkeeper, and secretary will increase 4% annually. Salaries of the client representatives, the credit investigators, the consultants, the collectors will increase by 10% annually. Fixed selling price is 50% marked-up. Variable selling price increases annually by 5%. Sales increases by 4. 68% annually. Raw materials increases by 10% annually, 80% of which are completely manufactured. Franchise will be allowed at the third year of operation for P 250, 000. Franchise increases by 1 from the third year. 20% of sales is on account. 5. 4 PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET Account Titles20132014201520162017 ASSETS Current Assets Cash P 4,562,530 P 4,775,260 P 5, 201,002 P 5,445,231 P 5,500,604 Accounts receivable 558,205 600,980 654,620 705,127 723,345 Inventories 855,309 876,340 897,560 927,121 934,340 Total Current P 5,976,044 P 6,252,580 P 6,753,182 P 7,077,479 P 7,158,289 Non-current AssetsPPE P 5,719,762 P 5,829,120 P 5,971,024 P 6,113,261 P 6,321,456 Intangible assets 583,230 599,021 612,234 653,552 721,234 Total non-current P 6,302,992 P 6,428,141 P 6,583,258 P 6,766,813 P 7,042,690 Total assets P12,279,036 P12,680,721 P13,336,440 P13,844,292 P14,200,979 LIABILITIES & PARTNERS EQUITY Current Liabilities Accounts payable P 128,479 P 301,456 P 502,398 P 600,214 P 733,659 Total current P 128,479 P 301,456 P 502,398 P 600,214 733,659 Partners Equity Labendias Capital P 2,400,000 P 2,400,000 P 2,400,000 P2,400,000 P 2,400,000Lacsas Capital 2,400,000 2,400,000 2,400,000 2,400,000 2,400,000 Larozas Capital 2,400,000 2,400,000 2,400,000 2,400,000 2,400,000 Legamias Capital 2,400,000 2,400,000 2,400,000 2,400,000 2,400,000 Maranans Capital 2,400,000 2,400,000 2,400,000 2,400,000 2,400,000 Share in profit(loss) 150,557 379,265 668,220 1,244,078 1,467,320 Total PE P12,150,557 P 12,379,265 P12,668,220 P13,244,078 P13,467,320 TOTAL L&PE P12,279,036 P12,680,721 P13,336,440 P13,844,292 P14,200,979 5. 5 PROJECTED INCOME STATEMENT

Thursday, May 23, 2019

Research in motion, strategic analysis

beach Ltd. Is now in a dilemma of how to attract customers and recapture the market sh atomic number 18 to be the best whiz in the booth ph one(a) industry. The purpose of this report is to offer rim Ltd. With the directions that it requires to come across its patronage culture of meeting the need of heap who want simplicity, ministration of use and speed, without having to think double about it. ( question In social movement Ltd, 2012) This report provide farm a comprehensive analysis of the current militant accompaniment of beach Ltd. And the itemors that affect its development.Then the business level strategies and corporate level strategies lead be given so as the RIM Ltd. clear improve and hold back Its sustainable competitive bene scenes, beclimax more competitive when compared to Its competitors. This report Includes specific Information regarding RIM Ltd. s history, Its current competitive situation analysis, forward 5 year business environment and proposed strategical adaptation. The business and corporate level strategies willing stand by RIM Ltd. Obtain its political helpingy goals and get a die development in the future. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Company bill and DescriptionCurrent Competitive Situation Analysis 3 Industry Analysis rivalry Analysis billet Level Strategy research in moot Executive Salivary According to their website, RIM) is a Canadian wireless headquartered In Ontario. Can famous as the intersection pointionion of TTT Motion Ltd. 20 2) With the industry and the development corporations enter into the Mac how to attract customers and r cell head name Industry, The PU directions that it requires to AC people who want simplicity, EAI about It. ( search In Motion analysis to the current compete development, Then the business he given so as the RIM Ltd. AR advantages, becoming more c port includes specific_ Inform competitive Situation analysis, strategic adaptation, The busily start its confederac y goals and 1 Company History and Descried Current Competitive Situation Cost Leadership Differentiation tummyorate Level Strategy 8 Five Year Projection of Business surround 11 Market Analysis Market Competitive Analysis Market Needs Strategy and Approach to the Market strategic Model SOOT References 19 Appendices addendum A Group Contract Appendix B Reflexive Assessment of Group Process Appendix C Tables and Figures The purpose of this report is to objectively analyze listed Canadian Corporation. Research In Motion Ltd. Strategies are analyzed. Then the purpose is to usage corporate level strategy for Research In Motion Ltd. O its existent dilemma and keep its industry- petabyteing POS History And Description Research In Motion Limited (RIM) (TTS RIM, NASDAQ wireless and telecommunication equipment family. Canada and employs more than 17,000 people. It is FAA launchpad and blackberry bush smartened. (Research In Motion harvest-homes and serve ups include the following ap plicant communication devices, convergent devices phones, s berry wireless platform. (RIM Company, Products, in Europe, North America, and Asia Pacific. Mike Lazars Company, 2012) and served as its co-CEO along with J then the new CEO is Thornton Hein. (Research In Moot company changed its center from working with pagers communication.In 1997, RIM was listed on the Toronto $150 million in a public offering, (Research In Motion, releasing of the blackberry bush, a wireless hand-held com line boasting and exclusivelyowed two-way paging and basic me nominated as one of Canadas Top 100 Employers b company was listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange in the USA in 1992, raising $250 million at the same time. In the same year, the company launched its iconic reducethe BlackBerry 850 Wireless Handheld, which integrated wireless info breadworks, email, and a traditional QWERTY keyboard in a hand-held device. The BlackBerry caused an enormous sensation. The marketing demands extremely exce l its supplies. As the introduction of the 850, RIM became the worlds fastest growing company, at least according to Fortune. (A History of RIM , 2007) With the upgrading of voice and data transmission of the Blackberry, the smartened began the revolution.The company laid off about 10 percent of its workforce because of massive operation losses. After the massive loss in fiscal 2003, RIM become to return to reparability by 2004 (March 1 , 2003 to February 28, 2002) because of continuing strong sales. Afterwards, BlackBerry surpassed one million subscribers all(a) over the world. By 2010, RIM still controlled 10. 4 percent of the smart phone operating system market. (Research In Motion. Ltd, 2011) However, the good situation of RIM was not lasted too long. With the apple and some new(prenominal) product entering into the market, RIM is facing massive challenges. The top three competitors of RIM are Apple, Samsung and Google according to the statistics in Appendix C. Appendix C, Figure l) The companys uncial conditions experienced great challenge in 2011. RIM missed its earnings forecasts and delayed its product launches, which led to the share price plummeting. (Research In Motion, 2012) Owing to the declined capital punishment in summer 2011, many employees left the corporation. The company eventually had to cut 2,000 positions for the voluntary exodus in the mid-year. (Marrow, l, 2011, P. 81) To change the dilemma of RIM, the CEO Thornton Hein announced a new SO, BIO, which he felt would reverse RIM s fortunes. (RL Ltd, 2012) The new prompt phone with B 10 will be release in the low of 2013. We hope that Blackberry 10 could bring opportunity to RIM.With the business culture of meeting the need of people who want simplicity, easing of use and speed, without having to think twice about it, we look forward to seeing the BlackBerry 10 could enhance the sales of RIM and let RIM go up to the first-position in the telecommunication industry. Current competit ive Situation Analysis Economics define an industry as a group of firms that supplies a market. (Grant, 2010). Since the prevail and convenience of borderless communication, many districts and countries without cell service in the last years are now provided with electrification because of the large efforts of big corporations, much(prenominal) as Samsung, Monika, LET, Motorola, TCL, LAG, Apple, RIM, Compel, Aroma, Sony, Hawaii, etc. As the progress of the restless phone, the modular is too improving. With the need for sauciness continually increasing, the need for data hold offing across networks.New technologies are emerging to meet the need much(prenominal) as 36 on AT&T and ISO operating system was explored by Apple Cord. To be used in Apples products such as phone. Over the past few years, the mobile phone industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. As the rapid development of economy in developed Mounties, more and more people could afford to buy ce ll phones. Undoubtedly, mobile phones have become one of the major parts of our everyday life. We use mobile phones to do their project and make video-conference and voice-conference. The arising of new technologies and the increasing demand make the mobile phone market worldwide.Worldwide smartened markets will continue to achieve enormous growth as facilities access the net, achieve almost universal penetration, and support machine to machine (M to M) communications. According to Susan Suites, lead author of the study, Over one-half of all smartness in the global racquet are made by Apple and Samsung. (Wintergreen, 2012, P 1 . ) Competitor Analysis Research In Motion acts as a leader in the global telecommunication industry. Its main competitors are Apple, Google and Samsung. Other competitors include Monika and ETC. Apple is one of RIMs major competitors and also a industry-leader considering the manufacturing of cell phones, MPH players, computers and tab PC.Apple offers a po rtfolio of products including Macintosh (Mac) computing systems, pods line of portable digital music and video players, phone pass onets and pad portable multimedia and computing devices. Apple also sells a variety of related package, services, peripherals, networking solutions, and third-party digital surfeit and applications. Apple sells its products worldwide through its retail stores, online stores, and direct sales force and third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers, and value-added resellers. The company offers the products across five operating segments Japan, Americas, Europe, Asia Pacific and retail. The company recorded revenues of $108,249 million in the fiscal year ending September 2011, an increase of 66. % compared to fiscal 2010. Its net income was $25,922 million in fiscal 2011, compared to a net income of $14,013 million in the preceding year. (Mobile Phones In Canada, 2012, PEP) Samsung, another competitor of RIM. Samsung Electronics main tr ansactions are the reconcile and distribution of consumer electronics, home appliances, semiconductor products, and communication products. Samsung has a number of subsidiaries and operates respectively. The company operates by three business parts device solutions, digital media, telecommunications and others. The device solutions part is made up of semiconductor and liquid-crystal splay (LCD) reporting parts.The digital media business part manufactures a number of products including audio-visual devices, digital TVs, printers and monitors. It also offers digital home appliances like washers, vacuum cleaners, air conditioners, ovens, refrigerators, and other appliances. The telecommunications part provides a wide range of related mobile products and solutions. (Mobile Phones In Canada, 2012, PEP) Samsung is now possessing the largest market share in the phone market and compared to RIM, it is about six times more. (Appendix C) Google is also a major competitor of RIM. Google Inc . Started as an online search firm, but it now provides more than 50 Internet products and services, from e-mail and online document creation to software for mobile phones and tablet computers.Additionally, with the acquisition of Motorola Mobility in 2012, Google is now enlarging its transaction to sell hardware such as mobile phones. Googles broad product portfolio and size make it become one of the top four influential companies in the high-tech marketplace, along with Apple, IBM and Microsoft. Despite this myriad of products, its buffer search tool remains the core of its supremacy. In 2011 requests. (Google Inc. , 2012) However, with Googles powerful strength and branding, no one can overlook its influence in the future smartened market. Business Level Strategy Research in Motion has strong beliefs and values that creates a strong and inspiring foundation of the company.According to their website, RIM seeks to make a plus impact in our communities, engaging the talents and r esources of our people and partners to harness he power of technology. RIM strongly believes in the chief(prenominal) of education and works to inspire the close generation of minds. Research in Motion, Ltd. ) RIM supports all their employees through a program called Protrude where they give back the company through fundraising and volunteering. According to Appendix D, the employees contributed approximately $201 ,OHO to 182 organizations, they have supported 22 food banks globally, donated 2,458 toys for children at Christmas and many other voluntary and deeds that demonstrates the companys values.RIM is also a proud partner of complete the Children charity where they strive to educate the awareness and education of children in order to shape our future leaders. Cost Leadership Research in Motion has been healthy known for its market of Blackberry smartness and has been offered in many different phone companies. However, the low toll differentiation causes the company to hav e a competitive advantage. According to Appendix C, the comparison of the phone and BlackBerry clearly shows that with the purchase of a BlackBerry, a substantial amount of currency will be saved. In results with the exist advantage, the RIM is able to attract more customers and sell their products at a lower price.In addition to Appendix E, the table states that there are retain sections where even with the BlackBerry plan having a lower cost, the offers are still the same such as 1 50 daytime minutes, pm start time for unlimited evening calls, 2500 SMS, caller ID, who called, SAFE and 911 fees. Differentiation RIM believes that there are authentic characteristics that gives itself a competitive advantage against its competitors that includes BlackBerry dapple RIM has used its advanced technology to have this wireless solution where the device is in constant connection with the network. One of its main establishments for BlackBerry marathoner is IBM and how it has become a le ading mobile instant messaging app. Other features includes over-the-air distribution of applications, over-the-air calendar synchronization, over-the-air folder attention, etc.BlackBerry Messenger one of the biggest distinguisher about BlackBerry smartness is of its forward-looking and fast instant messenger program made specifically for BlackBerry users to communicate with each other known BlackBerry Messenger (IBM). each(prenominal) device contains their own specific pin in order for it to communicate with others. These messages will be sent through the BlackBerry servers which is the reason for TTS faster service when receiving and sending messages. Return of Investment ROI provides customers with the fastest payback when purchasing a BlackBerry. The network efficiency causes the users of BlackBerry devices to gain lower data roaming chargers and lower cost of buying. RIM continues to enhance their workflow, personal productivity and managing the BlackBerry Cloud in order f or BlackBerry users to improve with their device.Addition of new products and devices RIM introduced the enhance its multitasking abilities. This tablet enables its users to obtain full touch screen experience duration rapid responses. Soon after that, RIM released BlackBerry Playbook SO which is a free software to help benefit and improve the system within applications and content services. Corporate Level Strategy Income Statement sales$1 Return on Equity/a Cash Flow cash cash$l Current Ratify. 20 12 months ended Seep 01, 2012. Trailing 12 month results shown above. All data is in U. S. Dollars. According to Appendix F, within the income statement it shows that earnings are in the negative, resulting in a loss.With this extreme loss of money being evident, Research in Motion needs to come up with a different direction in which the company should innovate and branch into a different direction, victimisation what they know in different industries to gain a competitive advantage newcomers may not have because soon they are losing money, with their objective being to maximize profits. The new accompanied strategy that RIM should follow should be along the lines of innovating their phone designs, tablets, as wellhead as operating software for both of their products. Microsoft Corp Kicked off the Electronic Entertainment Expo on Monday by unveiling new software called Oxbow Smartness that will allow Oxbow 360 users to stream and share content across smartness, tablets and TVs. It also announced that it was bringing its Internet Explorer browser to the console this fall. Internet Explorer coupled with the power of Oxbow will, for the first time, deliver a fast, fluid, intuitive Web experience in the living room, said Oxbow Live corporate vice president Marc Weatherboardings was demonstrated in several ways, turning a smartened into a remote control used to surf the Web on a TV and utilizing a tablet as a way to display information about games, TV shows and mo vies that were simultaneously being played on a TV . Marc Whiten, 2011). Due to the fact that the Oxbow 360, owned by Microsoft, will be coming out with this new technology based on tablets and smartness, RIM should get in on the action and gain a competitive advantage by designing a product that is cheap, durable, and specifically designed for this new era of play, as well as other essential tablet software, APS, etc..This is because when facial expression for a tablet to buy, consumers will look for a tablet that satisfies all their needs, and if they own an Oxbow, their wants for a tablet, being one that will give them their best gaming experience as possible. They could also go to Sony, with the technological information they will gain from the Oxbow experiment, and strike a deal with Sony to become one of the only tablet providers, other than Sony, that will incorporate the tablet gaming technology. Sony may get in on this collectable to the fact that Nintendo already has the WI U Gamed. WI games, players and the TV by creating a second window into the video game world. It also offers a new way for viewers to engage with their favorite entertainment. The Gamed incorporates a 6. -inch, 169 aspect ratio LCD touch screen, as well as rotational button controls and two analog sticks. Inputs include a *Control Pad, liar sticks, LIAR stick buttons, A/BIGLY buttons, LIAR buttons, CRUZ buttons, Power button, HOME button, -SELECT button, +/START button, and TV CONTROL button. The Gamed also includes motion control (powered by an accelerometer, gyroscope and geomagnetic sensor), a front-facing camera, a microphone, stereo speakers, rumble features, a sensor bar, an included stylus and support for Near Field Communication (MFC) functionality. It is powered by a reversible lithium-ion battery and weighs approximately 1. 1 pounds (500 g). WI U Technical Specs, 2012).This is similar to the Oxbow Smartness project, and since the Sony git does not have anything simila r to these two, they will fall behind due to the competitive advantage the other two leaders in the gaming industry have. This is why Sony may hop on board with RIM, where the latter company receives a competitive advantage being one of the only ones on the ASS as well as being a competitor on the Oxbow 360. They will then be competing in the gaming industry, the tablet industry, and the smartened industry, three separate business industries, two being former industries but with more innovative ideas, and one industry that is totally new to them and the world, meaning they have an equal shot like everyone else on the Oxbow market, and a better shot on the ASS market. Reliance on strategic alliances and relationships with third-party network infrastructure developers, software platform vendors and service platform vendors, including RIMs ability to promote and advance the development of an ecosystem of applications and services for the BlackBerry 10 smartness and the BlackBerry PlayB ook tablets (Research in Motion, 2012). This states that they are leaning on innovating the software technology for both smartened and tablet platforms, as well as forming alliances with other companies. Therefore the firm should try and sneak into the gaming/tablet gaming industry, using the strategies noted previously, to gain any sort of profit due to the fact that they have lost so much that in order to gain the money lost they need to start taking risks or else they run the see of losing their company.With this decision to go into this industry, they have a chance at becoming one of the leaders in the tablet and smartened industry, u to the competitive advantage Research in Motion has over other providers with newer, more innovative, software that incorporates everything that a smartened and tablet has today, as well as gaming specialization that other tablets and phones will not have. Five Year Projection Plan Research in motion is motivated as an organization in the developm ent, sale, service and maintenance of software and mobile solutions for both the short and long-term thrill market. Let is a company that provides world class service and always puts the needs of our consumers first. Len addition to this, it is a company that is river by ideas. We believe that innovation and collaboration will foster sustainable growth for our business( Research in Motion, 2012). Such professional growth, would be attainable with the continued effort to excel in a competitive environment, providing World Class service at a sensible cost for consumers. The strategic adapt to an ever changing technological environment. Providing quality products and services Research In Motion (RIM) is the company behind the innovative and award- winning BlackBerry product line. In order for Research in Motion to be undefeated in he future, it is this type of quality and competitive edge that will lead the company down the pathway of continued growth and success.Market Analysis In t his market analysis, we must(prenominal) take into consideration the company today, its competitors, consumers and any future business ventures. The market today is a direct foreshadow for the technological footprint that companies such as RIM will leave for tomorrow. As such, Research in Motion must account the many variable factors that may arise as well in the next five years. The current trends of the mobile and handheld software network are as follows consumers have the require taste for lit-use high functioning mobile devices such as smart phones with high bear upon operating systems. The days have passed where any product was made to last a lifetime.It is a world of if its broken dont fix it in the wiz that, you are able to replace your once top of the line device with a newer model with more applications and a faster processor in only a few months time. This new trend is seen in many forms of production, and is now widely accepted by the consumer market. It is the idea th at todays population wants newer, faster and bigger in the sense of capabilities. Market Competitive Analysis One of the key components of determining your own success is based on how you compare to competitors in your specific market. In a recent poll Score data, 32. 8% of Canadians own a smart phone. However, narrowing down to mobile operating systems, the data reveals that the top smart phone platform for March 2011 is BlackBerry with 42% of smart phone subscribers. Second up, following RIM, is Apple with 31%.The remaining of the statistics are made up from gawp Android with 12. 2%, Ionians Simian with 6. 4% and Microsoft with 5. 1%. (phone in Canada 2011) This leads to inclination that RIM stock is on the rise. However, this is not the case. It is important to recognize that both Apple (phone) and Google (Android) are currently growing in the Mobile device sector. Respectively, both the increase in software capabilities as well as faster processors and great network connecti on is the ever- growing trend in hand-held devices. An analysis of both Google Android and Apple phone appear to be designed for demographics from all walks of life.The Apple phone allows for people to talk across provinces using the application termed, face time. The idea that a mobile device that is able to fit in the palm of your hand can innocent people thousands of miles away gives the consumer extra leverage to lean towards the competitors product. The mobile device network is one that must appeal to several demographics and adhere to the wants and needs of its consumer. In the future, it is likely that the direction of the industry will produced by the these top three competitors. In order to be successful Research in Motion must target all the market segments with initial focus on research and development of current product.Such product diversity, as well as an increase significant ease of use of products will attract new customers . Converting numerous customers from compet itive products to Blackberry, through a absolute customer experience will allow for a continual growth over the long term. Time is a critical commodity in the long-term, success of a attractive to long-term consumers who are paying several hundred dollars per device. This segment of Research in motion of product quality will be far more user friendly than those products currently on the market. Market Needs The cellular market requires a highly functional product that is cost effective and easy to use.Research in motion in order to counter-act the competitors in their racetrack must provide more product services, easy accessible product assistance, and continuous growth in there software, research and development sector to stay atop the main producers of the mobile networking world. In addition to this, the active cellular marketplace in order to be sustainable in the long run must account for the aging population. Clearly, the proportion of older citizens is growing and will conti nue to do so with the aging of the baby boomers. Following the trend in the mobile usage sector. It is evident that people from all ages are currently using smart phone devices. Applications that appeal to both young and old must be readily available in order to maximize sales.If the trends within the marketplace remain constant, that it appears that children will soon be talking across play grounds with high-tech mobile devices. Lastly, the needs of such a versatile marketplace may only be met by those that are willing to change, resistance to change could be detrimental to the long-term success of any company within the market. Albert Einstein once said, Insanity is doing the same thing over and over expecting a different result RIM has for the most part attempt to appeal to the business class of the market. Creating advertising the blackberry smart phone as the best option for Coos of large companies to small business owners on the go. This has been the fix of their commitment to their customers and has been for several years.However it is imperative that with any strategy there is also current modifications made in order to adhere to the constantly changing environment. It is important to view everyone in mobile network of business as potential customers. A new strategic approach, of more touch-screen, higher processing software, user- friendly applications, for all gees and demographics must be adopted in order to compete with companies such as apple. More cost effective ways of producing these products will save money for both the company and its consumers. An approach through the market by internet, direct email advertising, advertising on such sites as Face book, and high-processing video websites such as Youth as well as traditionally advertising will also help boost sales.One of the key ingredients to success is to improve the customer service of existing customers to insure technological approach must be taken to appeal to the future demographics n their consumer base. If Research in Motion does not produce higher quality products to compete with the likes of the Apple I-phone than the future of the Company looks dim, and the stock of RIM and value of the company will only diminish at a steady rate. Strategic Model Among many strategic models to run a successful business like that of RIM (Research in Motion) in the bounty competitive business environment. SOOT model with its strength, weakness, opportunities and threat. In order to better evaluate RIM as a whole it is essential that we use such techniques to establish the productivity ND potential flaws in the current structure of the organization.In the following model, it will reveal the potential the company is capable of however, due to certain weaknesses and threats it has given them a disadvantage in the market. Strengths RIM has a variety of strengths beginning with its manufacturing of high technology products. Among these strengths, are those of the research and d evelopment sector. The main focus of the organization is their mobile device, the BlackBerry. An area which prides itself on being top of the line and the best option for any person in the world of business. Products are exclusive, rum and have very good quality in which existing and new customers are attracted. An important strength is that the RIM organization is very organized and qualified within the management revolving around talent.Corporation is very strong and is very advancing with technological products in order to improve the quality. RIM has a very successful established reputation globally thus causing RIM to be a trusted brand and company. RIM provides a extensive customer care capabilities which helps the them gain the trust of their customers. Their incentive of balancing IT and consumer emends has led RIM a market leading role in the market. Weaknesses The competitors of RIM can cause a great affect on its ability to satisfy consumer needs because its competitors is capable of achieving it before the BlackBerry devices can. Apple and Android smartness are two companies coming out with newer, more innovative technology. Lacquerer may struggle to keep up due to the fact that these companies phones focus largely on touch screen technology, while the blackberry only has 2 phones that use the touch screen form of technology. As well as the fact that the service blackberry provides has been subject to outages, begin losses globally, and the fact that Android and Apple cannot experience a global outage, makes it that much more threatened by competitor innovation. Opportunities With the ever growing IT management team, they are all striving to improve and enhance its technologies through new products and devices. BlackBerry 10 is a new platform that all BlackBerry products will run on will be the new blackberry 10 software.This is opportunistic because it provides customers with a new look on the BlackBerry products as well as 2 new phones that wi ll accompany the new platform as well as run off of the system. This also creates hype around the release of the software and phones bringing the blackberry community together and creating excitement for loyal consumers. We look forward to getting BlackBerry 10 in the hands of our customers around the world. (Thornton Hein, 2012). Moreover, with the experience of making mistakes in the past, , it creates opportunity to learn from their mistakes, and capitalize on that knowledge to execute objectives at the right times to achieve their goals. RIM delayed the roll-out of the BlackBerry 10 phones to the first quarter of 2013 so as not to repeat the errors that surrounded the PlayBook

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

More testing, More Learning Essay

All students wish to finish their college year with a good grade. There is a lot to direct in every chapter of textbooks. Even if a student spends most of his time studying, he will get very stressed when a midterm or final comes. These trials will judge how sound that student is doing for the whole entire semester. Patrick O Malley in More Testing, More Learning mentions that much than testing provides students better chance oning opportunities because more testing forces students to bring in good study habits. It also dos students to focus on every unit in the textbooks and encourages them to learn from their mistakes.Providing tryouts more often makes students have good study habits. Students need good time management in order to balance between their college lives with their study lives. jibe to OMalleys essay Greater frequency in test taking means greater frequency in studying for tests. Giving students more exams is a way to keep them in track and force them to focus more on class. Although students are adults and should be able to manage their own lives, they however need a t for each oneer to coach them. If professor gives students more frequency in-class exams, it will force them to do more practice and students will learn better.Having an exam at the end of the unit helps students deeply focus on what is in the classroom. There is a lot of information in a textbook and if students have a chance to have quizzes after the major chapters, it will help them to deeply understand the materials. From Patrick O Malleys proposal This solution would have the return of reducing students anxiety about learning every fact in the textbook, and it would clarify the course goals, but it would not motivate students to study carefully each new unit, concept, or text chapter in the course.Students who understand the concept in their textbooks will do well in class and satisfy with their college lives. Having an probability to review the in-class exams bene fits students to focus what they have missed. From O Malley suggestion It makes sense that in a challenging course containing a great deal of material, students will learn more of it and put it to better use if they have to apply or practice it frequently on exams. Student should be able to see how well they are doing in class before their major exams. Practicing with more exams releases students anxiety.Their lives are not depending on only one or two exams. More in-class exam gives students the opportunity to study and learn from the mistakes that they did in the past tests. Being a student is not easy. A good student is the one who can have got the student activities, work and grades. There are many ways that professors can encourage students to study. Providing students more of the exams before midterm and final is a way to help student learn. More testing helps them to focus on the contents, decrease their anxiety, keep them focused in school and also helps students learn from their own in-class exam.

Tuesday, May 21, 2019

Early Modern Period

1450-1750 Early Modern Period Major Developments I. Questions of Periodization A. Major points 1. Shift in power to the West a. Rise of the West with fall of China and India creates instability in power that favors Europeans for next 200 years 2. World becomes smaller almost all civilizations touched by trade 3. forward-looking Empires Spain, Portugal, England, France, Netherlands, footrest, Russian, Mughal, Ming 4. Age of powder B. Changes at end of Postclassical Era 1. Independent societies (Aztecs, Incas) falling apart 2.Arab power declining 3. New invasions Mongols 4. Ottoman Empire gains power a. Europeans threatened by new force back to East 5. Chinese flirt with trade, but Ming bureaucrats pull back 6. Europe enters age of exploration C. Western Europe 1. Unusual agricultural civilization 2. New view of family nuclear a. Love toward spouse b. Affection toward children 3. Return to rational thought 4. Stable political structures a. Absolute monarchy b. Parliamentary mo narchies 5. Religious reformers a. Reform the church b. Protestant ReformationD. Effects of Global Economy 1. By 1750, almost everyone knows everyone 2. Food exchange new staple crops to Africa (corn), Europe (potato) 3. Unequal relationships master, slave, owners, workforce 4. Slaves and serfs 5. Diseases E. Themes 1. Declining accent mark of nomads 2. Direct relationships ambassadors replace intermediaries (Nomads) 3. Gender relations remain patriarchal 4. Labor relations change master/slave abuse of indigenous peoples 5. A a few(prenominal) commercial leaders get rich 6. Environmental changes a. ood, animal, disease exhange 7. Native vegetation a. Deforestation for staple crops b. Grazing land for newly introduced beasts of burden 8. centralization of governments a. Modern government 1. bureaucracies 2. agencies 3. admiralties 4. treasuries 5. general staff 6. state banks 9. Nation-states began to emerge a. solid political units with fixed borders b. sense of national un ity c. populations relatively homogenous language/ethnicity F. Larger Trends 1. Americas overwhelmed by outsiders 2. Three trends a. Western expansion . Globalization of trade c. Gunpowder 3. Reactions a. Embrace by choice b. Embrace by force c. shoot to remain independent, involve in trade on own terms G. Why 1450 and 1750 1. 1450 a. End of the Middle Ages b. Beginning of the Northern Renaissance away from Italian city-states c. English evicted from France d. Unified France began to exercise its power e. Globalization of trade begins f. Direct contact between Europe and sub-Saharan Africa/Americas g. End of the Byzantine Empire h. Ottoman Turks rise to power

Monday, May 20, 2019

Interview questions for capital market & NSE Essay

What is jacket Market?Capital securities industry is a market of securities. Where a teleph wizardr and government raise long term funds. it is a market where money invested more them one year. In this we include the extraction market and bond market Definition of DebtAn amount of money borrowed by one party from another. Many corporations/individuals use debt as a method for making large purchases that they could not hold be upset normal circumstances. A debt arrangement gives the borrowing party permission to borrow money under the condition that it is to be paid back at a later date, usu all in ally with interest.Definition of uncomplicated MarketA market that issues new securities on an exchange. Companies, governments and other groups obtain financing through debt or equity based securities. Primary markets ar facilitated by underwriting groups, which consist of investment banks that will set a beginning price range for a given security and then oversee its sale right o ff to investorsDefinition of Secondary MarketA market where investors purchase securities or assets from other investors, rather than from emergence companies themselves. The national exchanges such as the New York Stock Exchange and the NASDAQ argon secondary markets.Secondary markets cost for other securities as well, such as when funds, investment banks, or entities such as Fannie Mae purchase mortgages from consequence lenders. In any secondary market trade, the cash proceeds go to an investor rather than to the underlying alliance/entity directly.What do you imply by Equity investment?Answer An equity investment generally refers to the purchase and holding ofshares of stock on a stock market by individuals and firms in anticipation of income from dividends and bang-up gains, as the value of the stock rises. It may also refer to the acquisition of equity (ownership) participation in a private (unlisted) company or a startup company What do you mean by stock market or equi ty market?Answer A stock market or equity market is a public entity (a loose network of economic transactions, not a somatogenetic facility or discrete entity) for the trading of company stock (shares) and derivatives at an agreed price these are securities listed on a stock exchange as well as those only traded privately. What do you mean by money market?Answer The money market is a component of the monetary markets for assets mixed in short-term borrowing and lending with original maturities of one year or shorter time frames.What do you mean by stock exchange?Answer A stock exchange is an entity that provides services for stock brokers and traders to trade stocks, bonds, and other securities. Stock exchanges also provide facilities for issue and redemption of securities and other financial instruments, and capital events including the payment of income and dividends. Securities traded on a stock exchange include shares issued by companies, unit trusts, derivatives, pooled inve stment products and bonds. What do you mean by Financial commandment?Answer Financial regulation is a form of regulation or supervision, which subjects financial institutions to certain requirements, restrictions and guidelines, aiming to maintain the integrity of the financial trunk. This may be handled by either a government or non-government organization What are the Aims of financial regulation?Answer Aims of regulationThe aims of financial regulators are usually* To enforce applicable laws* To prevent cases of market manipulation, such as insider trading * To fix competence of providers of financial services * To protect clients, and investigate complaints* To maintain confidence in the financial system* To reduce violations under lawsList some financial regulatory authorities* Commodity Futures Trading charge (CFTC)* National Credit Union Administration (NCUA)* Financial Services Authority (FSA), United KingdomWhat do you mean by NSE?Answer The National Stock Exchange was incorporated in 1992 by industrial Development Bank of India, Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India, Industrial Finance Corporation of India, all Insurance Corporations, selected commercial banks and others. Trading at NSE stinker be classified under two immense categories (a) Wholesale debt market and(b) Capital market.What are the advantages of NSE? (National Stock Exchange)NSE has several advantages over the traditional trading exchanges. They are as follows * NSE brings an integrated stock market trading network across the nation. * Investors can trade at the same price from anywhere in the country since inter-market operations are streamlined coupled with the countrywide access to the securities. * Delays in communication, late payments and the malpractices prevailing in the traditional trading mechanism can be done away with greater operational efficiency and informational transparency in the stock market operations, with the support of total computerized ne twork. Why India needs economic planning?One of the major objective of planning in India is to increase the rate of economic development, implying that increasing the rate of capital formation by aggrandisement the levels of income, saving and investment. However, increasing the rate of capital formation in India is beset with a number of difficulties. race are poverty ridden. Their aptitude to save is extremely low due to low levels of income and high impulse to consume. Therefor, the rate of investment is low which leads to capital deficiencyand low productivity. Low productivity means low income and the vicious circle continues. Thus, to break this vicious economic circle, planning is inevitable for India. What are general objectives of Indian Planning?The long-term general objectives of Indian Planning are as follows * Increasing National Income* reduce inequalities in the distribution of income and wealth * Elimination of poverty* Providing additional employment and* All eviating bottlenecks in the areas of agricultural production, manufacturing capacity for producers goods and balance of payments.*

Sunday, May 19, 2019

La Liberte guidant le peuple

artwork is beyond the limitations of rustic boundaries and its values should be sh atomic number 18d by people from all over the creation eternally. When talking just about art, I have to say that France Is my favorite country for the representation of art, as the country has a long history for pursuing art and fashion since Louis XIV, the King of Sun, who Is a king bully on the pursuit of art and fashion. Therefore In this summer I took the opportunity to go to five Museum In Paris to pay a visit to the famous 011 motion-picture shows in the museum.In this essay, I would like to fill one of the famous oil painting La Liberty guiding el people from my individual(prenominal) perspective of gendered art. On entering the museum, I could sense a strong atmosphere of history and a deep sense of reverence rose deep from my soul. Then I saw the famous painting drawn by Delicacies. In the middle of the painting is a young French lady who is duty on her villagers to fight against th e Restoration of Bourbon in July Revolution.The woman is half naked in the upper sectionalisation of her body, with her breasts out. On her right hand, she is holding a glad with three colors, which represent freedom, equality and philanthropist. Now the flag has become the national flag of the Republic of France. On her left hand, she was grasping a long hoagy with a sharp knife on It. Though she Is wearing a long dress, we apprise chat her legs are herculean and firm, and she Is leading the soldiers to move forward across the dead bodies and the ruins of the bulldogs.The background of this painting is model before Notre Dame in Paris where in that location is full f the smokes from gunslingerpowder, which shows that the war is in its hottest point. close to of the critiques believe that she is the symbol of freedom, with great passion and romantic characters. To look at the fe male in detail, we can find that this woman shows a temperament of masculinity different from he r own gender.Different from John Burgers traditional prospect on man and woman in artistic works, which means that a mans presence is dependent upon the phone of power, while a womens presence expresses her own attitude to herself, or his belief that men focus on the out location while women focus on the inner part Noon Berger, 1 990), here a sense of cross-gender Identification Is emphasized In the work as a way of showing aspiration to the old binary system. As a result, the symbolic meaning In this painting Is evident.Just as the guess from feminist that gender is a social construction this painting seems to reconstruct our social average about the binary system. Traditionally, gender is presented as biological and predetermined instead of a culturally constructed, external death penalty (Sloop, 2004). So although the women act like men, their female dies are inscribed with sexual frailtya flunk that can only be matched by masculine strength as their rescuer is physically privileged (Sarah Cornfield, 2011).This painting seems to doubt that why men should be prior to women? As is seen, on the left side of the painting, there is a dead, thin male body, whose lower part of the body Is naked. Also, beside the leg of the woman, there Is a male enemy whose seems to be begging for the forgiveness of the woman and the working class. These two characters are ludicrous in the paintings, as they show the weakness of male In trench. Throughout the history of OLL painting, male bod seldom appears weaker than female image, according to the introduction of John Berger.What is more, on the painting he is holding his gun high up his head alongside with the woman. Contrary to use a strong and matured male as the hero in the painting, the existence of a young boy, though non so coercive than a strong male, represents the hope emerging in the new world. On the left side of the woman, there are two men dressing very fashionably. They represent the emerging working cl ass who are fighting against the Bourbon. But they are not the main characters in this painting, as their existence is for the purpose to play up to woman representing freedom.After all, all of the unusual and creative arrangements by the painter here in fact indispensability to suggest us that everything old will be ruined and a new social norm based on love freedom and equality will be set up in the future. To sum up, the bold imagination, the rich implied meanings in this work all contribute to its successes during the whole history. This painting gives us a romantic and ideal feeling in the severe war, and constructs our traditional conception on gender, that women not always appear as a weak image and women can be more powerful men to some extent.However, in the same time I also admit the fact that differences among male and female do exist. And in the whole painting history, as Berger has pointed out, the ideal is always fancied to be male and the image of the woman is des igned to flatter him. In my opinion, as long as the painting present people with the aesthetic characters of masculinity and femininity instead of torturing them. I esteem the painter Eugene